On 10 February 2026, the Federal Government adopted its official government draft (Regierungsentwurf) for the AI Market Surveillance and Innovation Promotion Act (KI-Marktüberwachungs- und Innovationsförderungs-GesetzKI-MIG), setting out Germany’s supervisory architecture, enforcement powers, and penalty regime for AI systems under the EU AI Act (

Continue Reading Germany’s AI Implementation Act (KI-MIG): Who are the responsible supervisory authorities?

Conceptually, you think of IoT devices, but the CRA has a far broader scope of application. In this article we examine one of the tricky nuances – distinguishing between a digital product and SaaS under the CRA.

The EU’s Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) looks to reshape product cybersecurity

Continue Reading Cyber Resilience Act: the fine line between SaaS and digital products

The European Commission has just unveiled its proposal for the Digital Networks Act (DNA). The DNA marks a fundamental shift from regulating traditional “electronic communications” to a broader, cloud-integrated ecosystem of “digital networks”.

In a nutshell: The DNA replaces the fragmented framework of the 2018 Electronic Communications Code (EECC)

Continue Reading From Telecoms to “Digital Networks”: Navigating the EU’s New Digital Networks Act (DNA)

The dream of directly effective supra-national legislation, applying in exactly the same way in each EU Member State: an EU Regulation should (in theory) provide the same protections in the same way at the same time to all EU citizens. As is ever the case, theory and reality rarely align

Continue Reading State of the Act: EU AI Act implementation in key Member States 

During the session of September 17, 2025, the Italian Senate approved Bill No. 1146-B, entitled “Provisions and delegated powers to the Government regarding artificial intelligence.” The text was published on the Italian Official Journal as Law No. 132 of 2025 and is set to become applicable starting from

Continue Reading Italy passes its own law on artificial intelligence: new rules effective October 2025

In the rapidly evolving tech industry sector, artificial intelligence (AI) stands at the forefront of innovation. Although stakeholders active in the technology sector represent the natural leaders of AI and are adopting AI to a greater extent than companies related to other industry sectors,[1] they are faced with an

Continue Reading AI in the tech sector – touch points and regulatory difference across the EU and Australia


The European Commission (Commission) adopted its long-anticipated guidelines on the scope of obligations for general-purpose artificial intelligence (GPAI) models under Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (AI Act) (Guidelines) on July 18, 2025. The Guidelines closely follow the publication of the Commission’s and AI Office’s GPAI Code of Practice (Code), which outlines several

Continue Reading European Commission publishes guidelines on obligations for general-purpose AI models under the EU AI Act


The European Commission published its General-Purpose AI Code of Practice (Code) on July 10, 2025, after a long drafting process that was originally intended to conclude in May 2025. The development of the code was facilitated by the European AI Office, and involved nearly 1,000 stakeholders, including academics, model developers

Continue Reading European Union publishes its General-Purpose AI Code of Practice

On 25 June 2025, the European Commission has proposed the draft of the EU Space Act.

This proposed new law is intended to provide a harmonised regulatory framework at European level from 2030 to ensure safety, resilience, and environmental responsibility across the EU, while helping space tech companies grow and scale across borders.

Continue Reading EU Space Act

The European Commission has recently published its “AI Continent Action Plan”[1] and, doing so, set itself no less a task than winning the global race for AI leadership and making Europe the leading AI continent. This shall be achieved by, inter alia, investing over EUR 200 billion to boost

Continue Reading Becoming the world’s leading AI Continent: The Commission’s “AI Continent Action Plan”